Dozens of people have been arrested in Spain after a second night of clashes over the jailing of a rapper for controversial tweets, which triggered a political backlash.
Angry demonstrations first erupted on Tuesday night after police detained Pablo Hasel, 32, who was holed up in a university in Catalonia to avoid going to jail in a highly contentious free speech case.
The violence has thrust the hard left Podemos party - the junior partner in Spain's left wing coalition which has opposed Mr Hasel's jailing and publicly supported the protesters - into the firing line.
On Wednesday night, hundreds of people gathered in Madrid's Puerta del Sol square calling for Mr Hasel's release, hurling bottles at police, who charged at them in clashes lasting several hours, AFP journalists said.
Police arrested 19 people, while the city's emergency services said 55 people were injured, among them 35 police officers.
In Barcelona and three other Catalan cities, demonstrators lobbed objects at police and set barricades ablaze, with police charging the protesters and in some places firing foam rounds.
A total of 33 people were arrested and 14 injured, police said.
The director of Catalonia's regional police force, Pere Ferrer, said officers faced a "highly complex scenario" because of the "high volume of public disorder", which included looting.
Protesters rally at a plaza in Madrid, Spain. Source: AAP
The force has opened an investigation after a young woman lost an eye on Tuesday night in Barcelona as a result of a foam projectile used by police to dispel the protesters, he added.
Protesters also took to the streets of the southern city of Granada, clashing with police and burning rubbish bins, with four people arrested, regional officials said.
Fresh demonstrations have been called for Thursday night in Barcelona and other cities.
'Absolute red line'
Although known for his hard-left views, Mr Hasel's case has become a cause celebre among campaigners, who say prosecuting him is a dangerous assault on free speech.
The violence was roundly denounced by figures across the political spectrum with Socialist deputy prime minister Carmen Calvo saying it was indefensible.
"No right can be defended or expressed with violence. That is an absolute red line," deputy prime minister Carmen Calvo told RTVE public television.
So far, Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez has remained silent on the Hasel case and the protests, which have highlighted a growing divide between his Socialists and Podemos, which emerged out of the anti-austerity "Indignados" movement that occupied squares across Spain in 2011.
Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez has confirmed that an agreement has been reached on Gibraltar. Source: AAP
In the immediate firing line was Podemos MP Pablo Echenique, who publicly tweeted his backing for the protesters as the clashes were raging.
"All my support to the young anti-fascists who are demanding justice and freedom of expression in the streets," he wrote.
'Display of Trumpism'
But much anger was directed at Podemos leader Pablo Iglesias - also a deputy prime minister - who has criticised Mr Hasel's jailing and used it to question Spain's democracy.
"They have to remove Pablo Iglesias from the Spanish government. It is the only way to turn away from this dangerous path we're going down," Cuca Gamarra, spokeswoman for the opposition Popular Party's parliamentary faction.
"(The Socialist Party) cannot be complicit in the face of what's going on.. and this display of 'Trumpism' we're seeing from Podemos' leaders," she told RTVE, referring to Donald Trump's bid to incite supporters to storm the US Capitol last month.
Mr Hasel was arrested after failing to turn himself on Friday in to start serving his nine-month sentence over tweets calling former king Juan Carlos I a mafia boss and accusing police of torturing and killing demonstrators and migrants.
A court in his hometown of Lerida on 12 February sentenced the rapper to another jail term of two and a half years for threatening to kill a man at a bar, according to a ruling published on Thursday.
Hundreds of artists have rallied to his cause, including filmmaker Pedro Almodovar and Hollywood actor Javier Bardem, while Amnesty International said jailing him for song lyrics and tweets was "unjust and disproportionate".
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