Beaches along the NSW coast have been closed after four shark attacks in two days, with swimmers urged not to swim in murky water.
On Tuesday morning, a man was bitten by a shark at Point Plomer, north of Port Macquarie on the Mid North Coast. It was the fourth attack since Sunday, and the 39-year old man was in a stable condition at Kempsey Hospital, a Mid North Coast Local Health District spokesperson confirmed.
The third shark attack occurred on Monday evening at North Steyne Beach in Manly on Sydney's northern beaches and left a man in his 20s in critical condition. Earlier that day, the surfboard of an 11-year-old boy was bitten while he was surfing at nearby Dee Why. The day before, a 13-year-old was bitten at a Sydney Harbour swimming spot in Vaucluse in Sydney's eastern suburbs.
Northern Beaches Council said all beaches in its area would remain closed on Tuesday and Wednesday, and this would be reviewed on an ongoing basis.
What conditions attract sharks?
Experts have warned the public to be aware of conditions that may attract sharks.
Storms and wild weather can trigger flooding events, pushing baitfish out of rivers and drawing hungry sharks, as well as birds. They also make the water more murky, reducing visibility for both swimmers and sharks.
Macquarie University marine science expert Professor Rob Harcourt said heavy rain changes where fish swim — something that hungry sharks anticipate.
"Avoiding river mouths when there's been heavy rain is a smart thing to do."
Bull sharks also breed in estuaries, and Harcourt said Sydney Harbour is prime bull shark habitat.
Research shows that the warming of water due to climate change means sharks are staying around the city longer, and also swimming further south, he added.
"Which is, of course, where humans tend to live."
Experts say the safest place to swim in Australia is between the flags.
This is partly because these areas are highly scrutinised, and surf lifesaving organisations are also now using drones to look for sharks.
Senior research fellow at RMIT University, Dr Rebecca Olive, said drone footage of shark encounters with people has led to increased awareness of the presence of sharks, as well as some shark behaviours.
"This has led to further understanding of the conditions that accompany an increased shark presence, such as storm runoff, fish and bait balls, and whale deaths. Swimmers and surfers often refer to this footage, and use it as evidence of what they already know — that they share the water with sharks."
For more information about shark behaviour, SBS has created an interactive on sharks. Click the image below.
Shark attacks are very rare in Australia, but long-term data show they appear to be rising.
The highest number of attacks recorded in a single year was in 2020, when 28 people were bitten in unprovoked attacks, according to the Australian Shark Incident Database. Seven of those people died.
Last year, there were 23 shark incidents, which resulted in six deaths.
However, shark attacks are still considered rare, and people are much more likely to drown than be bitten.
For more on staying safe on Australian beaches, SBS has created a podcast. Click on the below
For the latest from SBS News, download our app and subscribe to our newsletter.
