Ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:
- Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev qhaib thiab cov kev yuam ua txij nkawm ces yog cov kev yeem.
- Cov kev yuam ib tug twg ua txij nkawm raug xam tias yog ib co kev ua txhaum cai ntawm teb chaws no raws li tsab cai Crime Legislation Amendment Act xyoo 2013.
- Cov kev yuam ib tug twg ua txij nkawm yeej yuav muaj peev xwm muaj tau rau ib tug twg - tsis hais laus los hluas, poj niam los yog txiv neej uas coj ntseeg ntau yam kab lis kev cai, kev ntseeg los yog hom neeg dab tsi li.
- Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev qhaib thiab cov kev yuam ua txij nkawm?
- Yog yuam ib tug twg ua txij nkawm yuav raug plaub ntug dab tsi ntawm Australia?
- Tim tej laj thawj dab tsi thiaj yuam ib tug twg ua txij nkawm?
- Muaj kev pab cuam dab tsi rau tej neeg uas tab tom raug yuam ua txij nkawm ntawm teb chaws Australia?
- Tej zejzog muaj peev xwm ua tau dab tsi los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov kev yuam ua txij nkawm?
- Tej cim dab tsi pom tas mus li uas qhia tias yog cov kev yuam ib tug twg ua txij nkawm?
Lub ceeb toom txog zaj xov xwm no:
Zaj xov xwm no yuav tham txog cov kev yuam ib tug twg ua txwj nkawm. Thiab tej zaum kuj yuav ua rau ib txhia neeg uas mloog los yog nyeem ntxhov siab.
Yeej muaj tej neeg coob heev pheej tseem xav tias tsuas yuam lwm tus ua txij nkawm txawv teb chaws nkaus xwb. Tab sis qhov tseeb tiag ces yeej muaj peev xwm muaj tau tej xwm txheej no tshwm sim tau ntawm teb chaws Australia no thiab.
Tub ceev xwm teb chaws Australia (Australian Federal Police - AFP) yeej tau nrog daws tej xwm txheej yuam ib tug twg ua txij nkawm txog 91 cov xwm txheej xyoo 2023-24, ces thiaj muaj tej xwm txheej no yuav laug txog li 15 feem pua ntawm tej xwm txheej human trafficking lub caij ntawd.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev qhaib thiab cov kev yuam ua txij nkawm?
Ib txhia kab lis kev cai ces yeej ib txwm muaj cov kev sib qhaib, tab sis qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev qhaib thiab yuam ua txij nkawm ces yeej muaj cov kev yeem/pom zoo.
Cov kev qhaib ces yog ob tug neeg ntiag tug yeej pom zoo, thiab yeej ib txwm cuam tshuam nrog lawv tsev neeg.
Hos cov kev yuam ua txij nkawm ces tej zaum muaj ib tug los yog ob tug neeg ntiag tug yeej tsis tshua phom zoo sib yuav — thiab tej thaum ces yeej raug hawv, raug yuam, raug dag los sis yog tus neeg hnoob nyoog qes dua 16 xyoo, los sis yog tus neeg uas tsis tshua meej pem pes tsawg.
Ms Kudzayi Nhatarikwa, uas yog tus Migration Support Programs Adviser ntawm lub koom haum Red Cross tshab txhais tias tsis hais yuav poob rau theem twg li yog tias muaj cov kev yuam, hawv, cov kev ua kom ib tug twg ntshai los yog kev dag tsub nias rau ib tug twg kom sib yuav, ces xam tau tias cov kev sib yuav ntawd tsis yog cov kev qhaib lawm tab sis yog cov kev yuam ib tug twg ua txwj nkawm lawm.
Ms Nhatarikwa hais tias "Yog poob rau tej xwm txheej li hais los saum toj no ces yob ib cov kev yuam ib tug twg ua txwj nkawm lawm. Yog li ntawd thiaj yog qhov tseem ceeb xav kom txheeb txog qhov sib txawv no, vim rau qhov tej neeg pheej tseem yoob. Txawm tias tej neeg uas raug yuam kom sib yuav ua txij nkawm rau lub caij ntawd los yeej tseem ntseeg tias yog cov kev sib qhaib xwb,"
Nws hais tias ib tug twg muaj peev xwm raug tej teeb meem yuam kom sib yuav ua txwj nkawm no — tsis hais tus neeg ntawd laus los hluas, poj niam los yog txiv neej, yog tus neeg coj ntseeg ntau yam kawb lis kev cai los yog hais ib yam lus twg los yog coj ib co kev ntseeg twg li. Yog li ntawd cov kev yuam ua txwj nkawm thiaj yog ntiaj teb ib co teeb meem tseem ceeb thiab kuj raug lees paub tias yog ib co txaus txhawj xeeb heev ntawm Australia (uas yuav ua rau tsis tau txais kev nyab xeeb, raug kev phom sij, ua rau tsis tau txais kev noj qab nyob zoo thiab noj qab haus huv rau ib cov neeg coob heev raws li lub koom haum Concern hais).
Ms Nhatarikwa "Ntawm Australia no ces yeej lees tej xwm txheej no tias yog ib co kev yuam ib tug twg ua qhev rau tiam neej vam meej no los sis zoo li yog yuam ib tug twg ua qhev. Thiab tsis yog tib co xwm txheej uas tsuas tshwm sim rau ib pab pawg neeg coj ntseeg kab lis kev cai twg tsi ntsees xwb, los yog pab pawg neeg ua coj ib co kev ntseeg twg xwb, los sis yog ib co neeg pawg tsawg twg, los sis yog ib tsav neeg twg, yog ib co neeg muaj hnoob nyoog twg xwb los sis yog ib co gender twg xwb. Yeej muaj peev xwm tshwm sim tau rau ib tug twg. Yog li ntawd thiaj yog ib co xwm txheej uas tshwm sim tau thoob plaws rau txhua tus thiab txhua cov kab lis kev cai,"
Sakina Muhammad Jan arrives for sentencing at the County Court of Victoria in Melbourne, Monday, July 29, 2024. Jan is being sentenced for forcing her daughter to marry a man who then murdered her. (AAP Image/Diego Fedele) Source: AAP / DIEGO FEDELE/AAPIMAGE
Yog yuam ib tug twg ua txij nkawm yuav raug plaub ntug dab tsi ntawm Australia?
In Australia, forced marriage is not just a family matter—it's a crime.
Panos Massouris, Director of Immigration Services and Forced Marriages Program at Life without Barriers, explains that forced marriage is considered a commonwealth crime under the Crimes Legislation Amendment Act of 2013. This legislation applies to cases occurring in Australia where an individual is taken overseas.
"As a commonwealth offense, the Australian Federal Police has been investigating oversight of forced marriages, and the crime of forced marriage can apply to civil marriages, cultural, religious ceremonies, and registered relationships," Mr Massouri states.
Tim tej laj thawj dab tsi thiaj yuam ib tug twg ua txij nkawm?
Forced marriage most often affects young women and girls, especially those aged 14 to 18. Ms Nhatarikwa explains that the reasons behind it vary widely, depending on individuals and circumstances.
"Forced marriage can occur in order to meet family and community expectations to maintain the traditional gender roles. Or to strengthen family or community at times or continued traditions at times. What we have seen as well is that parents or those who are facilitating the forced marriage believe that they're doing what's best for the young person, even though, it's harmful. They believe that it's their role to choose what's best," Ms Nhatarikwa says.
Hana Assafiri is a Melbourne-based social activist and feminist.
In 2017, she was recognised in the Victorian Honour Roll of Women for her contributions to social change and women's empowerment. She was also awarded the Order of Australia Medal (OAM) in 2019.
She published her first book in 2024, titled Hana: The Audacity to be Free, reflecting on childhood in war-torn Lebanon and Australia, her escape from a marriage she didn't choose, and her journey of self-reinvention at twenty.
"For me, I was very young in Australia, and my marriage, although it wasn't forced per se, it felt as though it was the only option available to me. So how much of that is coercion? How much of that is a consequence of a set of circumstances? That led me into thinking at 15 that marriage is the option for freedom, dignity, respect and getting myself out of harm's way. So, they were some of the conditions for me as to why the arranged marriage, per se, became an option," Ms Assafiri says.
Muaj kev pab cuam dab tsi rau tej neeg uas tab tom raug yuam ua txij nkawm ntawm teb chaws Australia?
Anyone at risk of forced marriage has several avenues of support.
Ms Nhatarikwa explains that the Red Cross has been supporting people affected by forced marriage since 2014.
"If you are worried about a friend, family member, colleague, or someone you know that might be at risk of or experiencing a marriage and want to receive confidential advice in how to get help, you can contact Red Cross by calling 1-800-113-015 or sending us an email to national_stpp@redcross.org.au," Ms Nhatarikwa adds.
From January 2025, Australia introduced a new Forced Marriage Specialist Support Program (FMSSP) offering prevention and early intervention support. Individuals can self-refer to that new program, and they can contact FMSSP on 1800 403 213 or visit their website.
Ms Nhatarikwa emphasises that if someone is in immediate danger and needs urgent assistance, they should call the police by dialling Triple Zero (000).
The Australian Federal Police responded to 91 reports of forced marriages in 2023-24, making up nearly a quarter of all human trafficking cases that year. Source: iStockphoto / dragana991/Getty Images/iStockphoto
For those who are at risk of forced marriage who do not wish to report to the police, support is available through the Salvation Army.
Ms Nhatarikwa explains that eligibility is assessed through this program.
She also highlights My Blue Sky, Australia's national service offering information on forced marriage, as well as legal and migration advice for those at risk or affected.
My Blue Sky and can be contacted by calling 02 9514 8115, sending an SMS to 0481 070 844, or emailing: help@mybluesky.org.au.
"My Blue Sky is delivered by Anti-Slavery Australia. It's free, it's confidential, so individuals or community members or anyone who is concerned can go on their website. They can be reached via telephone or email or text message as well," Ms Nhatarikwa adds.
Tej zejzog muaj peev xwm ua tau dab tsi los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov kev yuam ua txij nkawm?
Recognising the signs of forced marriage is key to prevention, early intervention, and accessing support.
As part of efforts to combat human trafficking, the Australian Centre to Counter Child Exploitation (ACCCE), led by the Australian Federal Police (AFP), has urged school communities to be vigilant about signs of children being forced into marriage, as forced marriages are the most reported human trafficking offences in Australia.
In a media release, AFP Commander of Human Exploitation, Helen Schneider, outlines common signs of forced marriage that can help identify individuals who may be affected.
In some cultures, arranged marriages are common, but the key difference from forced marriages is consent. (Photo by Lynsey Addario/Getty Images Reportage) Credit: Lynsey Addario/Getty Images
Tej cim dab tsi pom tas mus li uas qhia tias yog cov kev yuam ib tug twg ua txij nkawm?
- Have a family history of elder siblings leaving education early, marrying early or indicating concerns of an early marriage.
- Be highly controlled by family or community members in and outside of the home, including being the target of surveillance; always accompanied; limited or no control of finances; limited or no control over life decisions, education, and career choices.
- Have communications monitored or restricted.
- Express concern regarding an upcoming family holiday or overseas travel.
- Demonstrate feelings of conflict or concern for the ramifications if they do not go ahead with an agreed marriage or engagement; and
- Express concern about physical or psychological violence for not fulfilling family or community expectations.
Ms Hana Assafiri emphasises that no one should ever be forced or coerced into marriage. She urges young women who are in such a situation to seek help and utilise the resources available in Australia.
“Never, is it okay? Never is it okay? to coerce or force anybody in any culture, religion, or creed, or society, the best and most fulfilling unions are with informed consent, where people understand and arrive at it from a place of independence and informed decision-making,” Ms Assafiri says.
If you or someone you know is impacted by family and domestic violence, call 1800RESPECT on 1800 737 732, text 0458 737 732, or visit 1800RESPECT.org.au. In an emergency, call 000.
Subscribe los yog caum mloog tej xov xwm kaw ua suab Australia Explained kom paub txog ntau yam xov xwm tseem ceeb thiab tej lus taw qhia kom koj pib tau lub neej tshiab ntawm teb chaws Australia.
Yog tias koj muaj ib co lus nug dab tsi los yog muaj ib co tswv yim dab tsi? Ces xa email rau peb rau ntawm australiaexplained@sbs.com.au
