Masalo e masani ona e fa'alogo i le 'alaga, “what do we want? Land rights!” — ae o le a tonu lona uiga? O Fanua ma 'ele'ele o le fatu o le fa'asinomaga ma aganu'u a Tagata Aboriginal ma atumotu Torres Straits. E fa'aigoaina o le “Country,” ma e aofia uma ai fanua, vaitafe ma alavai, le vanimonimo ma meaola uma. I le ripoti lenei a le Australia Explained, o le a fa'amatala atu ai le uiga o aia a tagata muamua i fanua - mea e aofia ai ma auala e fa'aulu ai tagi i mata'upu i fanua mo Tagata Muamua.
Vaega 'Autu
- O aia i fanua, e mafai ai ona toina 'ele'ele i lalo o pulega a le malo, e le aofia ai 'ele'ele umia ma'oti, e fa'aaoga e tagata Aboriginal ma Torres Straits mo sauniga fa'aaganu'u ma atina'e o le tamao'aiga.
- O aia i fanua, pule i fanua, ma isi fa'auigaina fa'aletulafono o aia tatau a tagata muamua i fanua, e 'ese'ese o latou fa'auigaina, ae 'auga e tasi i le fa'amoemoe e mauaina ai e Tagata Muamua le aia e faia ai tonu i mata'upu e patino ia i latou ma fanua.
- Na amata i fa'aaliga e pei o le Wave Hill i le 1966, le Walk-Off na soso'o ai ma ni tulafono taua e pei o le Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976, ae o loo fa'aauau pea e o'o mai i aso ai.
- O a aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua?
- Na fa'apefea ona amata aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua?
- O a mea e aofia i aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua?
- O le a le 'ese'esega i le aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua, pule i fanua, ma se feagaiga?
- Aisea e taua ai le aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua i aso nei?
- Se fa'ata'ita'iga: Darkinjung Aboriginal Land Council
- O a ni lu'itau o i luma mo aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua?
- Aisea e taua ai aia tatau a tagata muamua i fanua mo tagata uma i Ausetalia?
O a aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua i Ausetalia?
I le tele o tausaga o so'otaga o tagata Aboriginal ma atumotu Torres Straits i o latou fanua ma 'ele'ele e le'i aloa'iaina. O tulafono o aia tatau i fanua, na fa'avaeina e tu'uina ai le pule i lalo o le tulafono i tagata muamua mo fanua e fa'asino ia te i latou.
Ae le'i taunu'u mai papalagi, e faitau afe tausaga o tausi mea tagata Aboriginal ma atumotu Torres Strait i o latou lava fanua ma 'ele'ele.
O pulega fa'akolone ia na faoa ai fanua e aunoa ma se maliega, na fa'avae i se taitonuga sese e ta'ua o le terra nullius — o lona uiga "o fanua e leai seisi e pule ai."
Na fa'apefea ona amata aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua?
O aia tatau i fanua e pei ona iloa ai i aso nei, na amata i se tete'e, le Wave Hill Walk-Off i le 1966 — o se savali tete'e a tagata faigaluega Aboriginal Gurindji i se fa'atoaga povi i le Northern Territory. O le tete'e lenei na fa'avae i le tulaga fa'aletonu ma le talafeagai o galuega ae soso'o ai ma le vala'au e toe fa'afo'i mai o latou fanua.
O le palota fa'alaua'itele le referendum o le1967 na tu'uina ai le aia i le Malo Ausetalia e faia ai tulafono mo le manuia o tagata Aboriginal ma atumotu Torres Straits. O i'ina na mafai ai ona pasia le tulafono le Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 — o le tulafono muamua lea ua aloa'ia ai aia tatau a tagata muamua i o latou fanua.
O nisi o setete ma teritori e iai a latou lava tulafono e fa'atatau i mata'upu i aia tatau i fanua, ae le o iai se tulafono i fanua e ta-aofa'i uma ai Ausetalia.
O a mea e aofia i aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua?
O aia tatau i fanua e na o 'ele'ele e pulea e malo e mafai ona aofia ai - e fa'aigoaina o Crown Land - e le aofia ai fanua pulea ma'oti. O fanua e toe fa'fo'i i tagata muamua e le mafai ona latou fa'atauina atu pe lisi i se mokesi i nisi tagata. O fanua e avea ma esetete tausi mo Tagata Muamua e tausimea iai ma faia iai fa'ai'uga i auala e fa'aaogaina ai.
O pulega 'land councils' na fa'avaeina e avea ma sui o tagata Aboriginal ma atumotu Torres Straits e gafa ma le pulea o fanua ua toe fa'afo'i i tagata muamua. O pulega nei e fesoasoani i nu'u ma alaalafaga o tagata muamua i le fa'aaogasauniga ma fa'amoemoe fa'ale-aganu'u, si'osi'omaga ma atina'e.
O le a le 'ese'esega o aia tatau i fanua o tagata Aboriginal, native title ma se feagaiga?
E ui ina tai tutusa, peita'i e 'ese'ese o latou uiga:
- Aia tatau i fanua: Tulafono e faia e malo e toe fa'afo'i ai nisi o vaega 'ele'ele o fanua Crown land i tagata Aboriginal ma atumotu Torres Strait, e tele ina pulea e land councils.
- Pule fa'a-aganu'u: Amana'iaina e le tulafono o aia tatau a nisi Tagata Muamua i fanua ma vaitafe i lalo o a latou tu ma aga'ifanua.
- Feagaiga: Maliega aloa'ia i le va o le malo ma Tagata Muamua. O atunu'u e pei o Aotearoa Niu Sila ma Kanata ua iai feagaiga - e le'i iai se feagaiga i Ausetalia nei.
Aisea e taua ai aia tatau a tagata Aboriginal i fanua i aso nei?
O le toe fa'afo'i o fanua ma 'elele'ele, e toe fausia ai so'otaga o tagata muamua i le gagana, aganu'u ma le Country. E fesoasoani ai i mata'upu e pei o a'oga, soifua maloloina ma le tuto'atasi i le atina'e o le tamao'aiga.
E pei ona fa'amatalaina e Dr Virginia Marshall, o se fafine Wiradjuri Nyemba:
“The water speaks to us or the trees speak to us, but we don't need to take on a Western environmental ideology… Our law and our creation stories guide our understanding.”
Se fa'ata'ita'iga: Darkinjung Land Council
O le Darkinjung Local Aboriginal Land Council, na fa'avaeina i lalo o le New South Wales Aboriginal Land Rights Act.
E manatua e Uncle Barry Duncan, o se tamaloa Gomeroi lona amataga i le 1983:
“It brought this community together. It was a way of getting land invested back into Aboriginal ownership.”
“Now people know… we were very wise and smart with the land holdings.”
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